Routers
Routers Overview
Routers are essential networking devices that forward data packets between computer networks. They play a crucial role in connecting local networks to the internet and managing network traffic.
Key Functions
- Packet Forwarding: Routers determine the best path for data packets to travel across networks.
- Network Address Translation (NAT): Routers translate private IP addresses to public IP addresses, allowing multiple devices on a local network to share a single internet connection.
- Firewall Functionality: Many routers include built-in firewall features to protect networks from unauthorized access.
- Routing Protocols: Routers use routing protocols (e.g., OSPF, BGP) to exchange routing information with other routers.
Common Router Types
- Home Routers: Designed for small home networks.
- Small Business Routers: Offer more advanced features for small businesses.
- Enterprise Routers: High-performance routers for large organizations.
- Core Routers: High-capacity routers used in the internet backbone.
Configuration Basics
To configure a router, you typically access its web-based interface or use a command-line interface (CLI). Common configuration tasks include:
- Setting the router’s IP address.
- Configuring DHCP settings.
- Setting up port forwarding.
- Configuring wireless settings (if applicable).